1 | /**
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2 | * A Javascript implementation of AES Cipher Suites for TLS.
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3 | *
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4 | * @author Dave Longley
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5 | *
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6 | * Copyright (c) 2009-2015 Digital Bazaar, Inc.
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7 | *
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8 | */
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9 | var forge = require('./forge');
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10 | require('./aes');
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11 | require('./tls');
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12 |
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13 | var tls = module.exports = forge.tls;
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14 |
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15 | /**
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16 | * Supported cipher suites.
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17 | */
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18 | tls.CipherSuites['TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA'] = {
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19 | id: [0x00, 0x2f],
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20 | name: 'TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA',
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21 | initSecurityParameters: function(sp) {
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22 | sp.bulk_cipher_algorithm = tls.BulkCipherAlgorithm.aes;
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23 | sp.cipher_type = tls.CipherType.block;
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24 | sp.enc_key_length = 16;
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25 | sp.block_length = 16;
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26 | sp.fixed_iv_length = 16;
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27 | sp.record_iv_length = 16;
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28 | sp.mac_algorithm = tls.MACAlgorithm.hmac_sha1;
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29 | sp.mac_length = 20;
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30 | sp.mac_key_length = 20;
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31 | },
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32 | initConnectionState: initConnectionState
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33 | };
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34 | tls.CipherSuites['TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA'] = {
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35 | id: [0x00, 0x35],
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36 | name: 'TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA',
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37 | initSecurityParameters: function(sp) {
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38 | sp.bulk_cipher_algorithm = tls.BulkCipherAlgorithm.aes;
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39 | sp.cipher_type = tls.CipherType.block;
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40 | sp.enc_key_length = 32;
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41 | sp.block_length = 16;
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42 | sp.fixed_iv_length = 16;
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43 | sp.record_iv_length = 16;
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44 | sp.mac_algorithm = tls.MACAlgorithm.hmac_sha1;
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45 | sp.mac_length = 20;
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46 | sp.mac_key_length = 20;
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47 | },
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48 | initConnectionState: initConnectionState
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49 | };
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50 |
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51 | function initConnectionState(state, c, sp) {
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52 | var client = (c.entity === forge.tls.ConnectionEnd.client);
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53 |
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54 | // cipher setup
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55 | state.read.cipherState = {
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56 | init: false,
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57 | cipher: forge.cipher.createDecipher('AES-CBC', client ?
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58 | sp.keys.server_write_key : sp.keys.client_write_key),
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59 | iv: client ? sp.keys.server_write_IV : sp.keys.client_write_IV
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60 | };
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61 | state.write.cipherState = {
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62 | init: false,
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63 | cipher: forge.cipher.createCipher('AES-CBC', client ?
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64 | sp.keys.client_write_key : sp.keys.server_write_key),
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65 | iv: client ? sp.keys.client_write_IV : sp.keys.server_write_IV
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66 | };
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67 | state.read.cipherFunction = decrypt_aes_cbc_sha1;
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68 | state.write.cipherFunction = encrypt_aes_cbc_sha1;
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69 |
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70 | // MAC setup
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71 | state.read.macLength = state.write.macLength = sp.mac_length;
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72 | state.read.macFunction = state.write.macFunction = tls.hmac_sha1;
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73 | }
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74 |
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75 | /**
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76 | * Encrypts the TLSCompressed record into a TLSCipherText record using AES
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77 | * in CBC mode.
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78 | *
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79 | * @param record the TLSCompressed record to encrypt.
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80 | * @param s the ConnectionState to use.
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81 | *
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82 | * @return true on success, false on failure.
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83 | */
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84 | function encrypt_aes_cbc_sha1(record, s) {
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85 | var rval = false;
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86 |
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87 | // append MAC to fragment, update sequence number
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88 | var mac = s.macFunction(s.macKey, s.sequenceNumber, record);
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89 | record.fragment.putBytes(mac);
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90 | s.updateSequenceNumber();
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91 |
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92 | // TLS 1.1+ use an explicit IV every time to protect against CBC attacks
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93 | var iv;
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94 | if(record.version.minor === tls.Versions.TLS_1_0.minor) {
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95 | // use the pre-generated IV when initializing for TLS 1.0, otherwise use
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96 | // the residue from the previous encryption
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97 | iv = s.cipherState.init ? null : s.cipherState.iv;
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98 | } else {
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99 | iv = forge.random.getBytesSync(16);
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100 | }
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101 |
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102 | s.cipherState.init = true;
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103 |
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104 | // start cipher
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105 | var cipher = s.cipherState.cipher;
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106 | cipher.start({iv: iv});
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107 |
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108 | // TLS 1.1+ write IV into output
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109 | if(record.version.minor >= tls.Versions.TLS_1_1.minor) {
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110 | cipher.output.putBytes(iv);
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111 | }
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112 |
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113 | // do encryption (default padding is appropriate)
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114 | cipher.update(record.fragment);
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115 | if(cipher.finish(encrypt_aes_cbc_sha1_padding)) {
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116 | // set record fragment to encrypted output
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117 | record.fragment = cipher.output;
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118 | record.length = record.fragment.length();
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119 | rval = true;
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120 | }
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121 |
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122 | return rval;
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123 | }
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124 |
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125 | /**
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126 | * Handles padding for aes_cbc_sha1 in encrypt mode.
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127 | *
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128 | * @param blockSize the block size.
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129 | * @param input the input buffer.
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130 | * @param decrypt true in decrypt mode, false in encrypt mode.
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131 | *
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132 | * @return true on success, false on failure.
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133 | */
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134 | function encrypt_aes_cbc_sha1_padding(blockSize, input, decrypt) {
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135 | /* The encrypted data length (TLSCiphertext.length) is one more than the sum
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136 | of SecurityParameters.block_length, TLSCompressed.length,
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137 | SecurityParameters.mac_length, and padding_length.
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138 |
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139 | The padding may be any length up to 255 bytes long, as long as it results in
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140 | the TLSCiphertext.length being an integral multiple of the block length.
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141 | Lengths longer than necessary might be desirable to frustrate attacks on a
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142 | protocol based on analysis of the lengths of exchanged messages. Each uint8
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143 | in the padding data vector must be filled with the padding length value.
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144 |
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145 | The padding length should be such that the total size of the
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146 | GenericBlockCipher structure is a multiple of the cipher's block length.
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147 | Legal values range from zero to 255, inclusive. This length specifies the
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148 | length of the padding field exclusive of the padding_length field itself.
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149 |
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150 | This is slightly different from PKCS#7 because the padding value is 1
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151 | less than the actual number of padding bytes if you include the
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152 | padding_length uint8 itself as a padding byte. */
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153 | if(!decrypt) {
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154 | // get the number of padding bytes required to reach the blockSize and
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155 | // subtract 1 for the padding value (to make room for the padding_length
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156 | // uint8)
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157 | var padding = blockSize - (input.length() % blockSize);
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158 | input.fillWithByte(padding - 1, padding);
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159 | }
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160 | return true;
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161 | }
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162 |
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163 | /**
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164 | * Handles padding for aes_cbc_sha1 in decrypt mode.
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165 | *
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166 | * @param blockSize the block size.
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167 | * @param output the output buffer.
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168 | * @param decrypt true in decrypt mode, false in encrypt mode.
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169 | *
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170 | * @return true on success, false on failure.
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171 | */
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172 | function decrypt_aes_cbc_sha1_padding(blockSize, output, decrypt) {
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173 | var rval = true;
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174 | if(decrypt) {
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175 | /* The last byte in the output specifies the number of padding bytes not
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176 | including itself. Each of the padding bytes has the same value as that
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177 | last byte (known as the padding_length). Here we check all padding
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178 | bytes to ensure they have the value of padding_length even if one of
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179 | them is bad in order to ward-off timing attacks. */
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180 | var len = output.length();
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181 | var paddingLength = output.last();
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182 | for(var i = len - 1 - paddingLength; i < len - 1; ++i) {
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183 | rval = rval && (output.at(i) == paddingLength);
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184 | }
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185 | if(rval) {
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186 | // trim off padding bytes and last padding length byte
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187 | output.truncate(paddingLength + 1);
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188 | }
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189 | }
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190 | return rval;
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191 | }
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192 |
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193 | /**
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194 | * Decrypts a TLSCipherText record into a TLSCompressed record using
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195 | * AES in CBC mode.
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196 | *
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197 | * @param record the TLSCipherText record to decrypt.
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198 | * @param s the ConnectionState to use.
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199 | *
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200 | * @return true on success, false on failure.
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201 | */
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202 | function decrypt_aes_cbc_sha1(record, s) {
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203 | var rval = false;
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204 |
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205 | var iv;
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206 | if(record.version.minor === tls.Versions.TLS_1_0.minor) {
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207 | // use pre-generated IV when initializing for TLS 1.0, otherwise use the
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208 | // residue from the previous decryption
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209 | iv = s.cipherState.init ? null : s.cipherState.iv;
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210 | } else {
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211 | // TLS 1.1+ use an explicit IV every time to protect against CBC attacks
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212 | // that is appended to the record fragment
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213 | iv = record.fragment.getBytes(16);
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214 | }
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215 |
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216 | s.cipherState.init = true;
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217 |
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218 | // start cipher
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219 | var cipher = s.cipherState.cipher;
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220 | cipher.start({iv: iv});
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221 |
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222 | // do decryption
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223 | cipher.update(record.fragment);
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224 | rval = cipher.finish(decrypt_aes_cbc_sha1_padding);
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225 |
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226 | // even if decryption fails, keep going to minimize timing attacks
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227 |
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228 | // decrypted data:
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229 | // first (len - 20) bytes = application data
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230 | // last 20 bytes = MAC
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231 | var macLen = s.macLength;
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232 |
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233 | // create a random MAC to check against should the mac length check fail
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234 | // Note: do this regardless of the failure to keep timing consistent
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235 | var mac = forge.random.getBytesSync(macLen);
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236 |
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237 | // get fragment and mac
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238 | var len = cipher.output.length();
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239 | if(len >= macLen) {
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240 | record.fragment = cipher.output.getBytes(len - macLen);
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241 | mac = cipher.output.getBytes(macLen);
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242 | } else {
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243 | // bad data, but get bytes anyway to try to keep timing consistent
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244 | record.fragment = cipher.output.getBytes();
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245 | }
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246 | record.fragment = forge.util.createBuffer(record.fragment);
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247 | record.length = record.fragment.length();
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248 |
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249 | // see if data integrity checks out, update sequence number
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250 | var mac2 = s.macFunction(s.macKey, s.sequenceNumber, record);
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251 | s.updateSequenceNumber();
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252 | rval = compareMacs(s.macKey, mac, mac2) && rval;
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253 | return rval;
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254 | }
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255 |
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256 | /**
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257 | * Safely compare two MACs. This function will compare two MACs in a way
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258 | * that protects against timing attacks.
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259 | *
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260 | * TODO: Expose elsewhere as a utility API.
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261 | *
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262 | * See: https://www.nccgroup.trust/us/about-us/newsroom-and-events/blog/2011/february/double-hmac-verification/
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263 | *
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264 | * @param key the MAC key to use.
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265 | * @param mac1 as a binary-encoded string of bytes.
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266 | * @param mac2 as a binary-encoded string of bytes.
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267 | *
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268 | * @return true if the MACs are the same, false if not.
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269 | */
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270 | function compareMacs(key, mac1, mac2) {
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271 | var hmac = forge.hmac.create();
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272 |
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273 | hmac.start('SHA1', key);
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274 | hmac.update(mac1);
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275 | mac1 = hmac.digest().getBytes();
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276 |
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277 | hmac.start(null, null);
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278 | hmac.update(mac2);
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279 | mac2 = hmac.digest().getBytes();
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280 |
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281 | return mac1 === mac2;
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282 | }
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